Tiananmen built in the bright Yunglo 15 years (in 1417), the old name “received the fontanel”, took “receives the day to begin shipment”, “has a mandate from heaven” meaning. at that time Tiananmen was a yellow tile upturned eave, three building five hole memorial arch, Zhu Qijin the nail, brilliant. A very straight central imperial road, passes through the end gate, goes nonstop to imperial palace main entrance's Wumen. The imperial road both sides, according to the left ancestral temple, the right state's traditional organic platoon construct. The imperial road both sides increase build the red ocher wall, has extended to the Tianan wrong side of the door, does the piazza with two to be connected, becomes a closed state the palace square. The square periphery, left is the civil official government office, right is the military officer government office, has demonstrated the centralization vast momentum fully.
The clear Shunzhi eight years (in 1651), the reconstruction was “Tiananmen”, took “has a mandate from heaven”, “brings peace and orders to the nation to govern the people” meaning. It has Xumi place the white marble stone, big, but the color rich bench table, on has two double-eaved roof buildings, thing nine, north and south five, symbolic imperial authority “95 revering”. Passes the height 33.7 meters, 36 leaf of bright red water chestnut flower leaf, 60 exceedingly high columns, gild “Shuanglong to gather the imperial seal” the color brocade, the coiled dragon design smallpox caisson ceiling, is composed many things around a center design by 450 kilogram octagonal palace lanterns and 16 each weight 350 kilogram hexagon palace lanterns, causes the entire main hall dignified grand, resplendent in gold and jade green. Before the gate, clears Jinshuihe, a pillow blue class, puts up high over seven fine white marble bridges, the bridge floor slightly arches, the bridge body like rainbow, constitutes the beautiful curve. West bridge Nandong the both sides, have the Baiyu onyx table to stand erect respectively, the cloud circles the dragon plate, extremely rich imposing manner. Front is the closed state palace square, in the civil and military hundred officials to this discontinue, the common people common people do not enter, as soon as the probe head looked, namely the commit “private peeps the imperial city gate” the grave offense, executes without the amnesty. The Ming and Qing Dynasties during 500 years, Tiananmen is new emperor ascends the throne, empress to confer rank and title proclaims the imperial edict world the place, is place which emperor the palace biography displays, solicits the best-qualified workers selects scholars for public office, is also emperor goes to battle goes to the imperial ancestral temple ancestor worship the road which must be taken, beside to the common people, it is aloof the forbidden area. After 1911 1911 Revolution, the palace square both sides shut tightly the front door nature but actually, thing Chang'an Street turns the important highway which the transportation moves unimpeded. Henceforward, the splendid young tiger China revolution annals “the May 4th Movement of 1919”, “the December Ninth Movement”, the founding ceremony, “the April Fifth Movement moves” and so on significant historical event, take this as the stage, performs powerfully in here. After specially new China was established, Tiananmen has become the great motherland symbol, new extension's Tiananmen Square has become in the world the most greatly grandest people's square.
Tiananmen was the world magnificent jade palace, the collection accomplishment of the ancient architecture art. It is also the feudal rank system image manifests: Middle most prominent is carving the coiled dragon column head bridge floor, only Emperor Xu passes, is called “the imperial highway bridge”; About two vultures have the lotus column head bridge floor, only Crown Prince Xu passes, is called “the nobility bridge”; Nearby two, only permits three above civil and military ministers to pass again, is called “the grade bridge”; Most keeps to the side the ordinary relief stone bridge, was four below government officials and the soldier walked, called “male to live the bridge”.
Started from November, 1987, Tiananmen was officially open to the Chinese and foreign tourists. Before then, extremely little has the ordinary common people to look like may approach Tiananmen like this today, looks at reverently her lush grand appearance heartily, was likely same in the past with the national leader, the guardrail looked out into the distance freely the square grand panoram. Therefore, after opening, attracts tens of thousands of Chinese and foreign tourists to compete to ascend the building to have a good swim.
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