[Beijing traveling] Chairman Mao memorial hall

The Chairman Mao memorial hall located at the town center Tiananmen Square south tip, 9 sunsets became in the September, 1977, was one dignified grand, had our country national style commemorative architecture. The memorial hall is a square building, the floor space is more than 20,000 square meters, the height 33.6 meters, sits north the Southern Dynasty, the outward appearance is two.

above the main entrance is mounting “the Chairman Mao memorial hall” the white marble gold character inscribed horizontal tablet. The deep red granite builds on big base, four circumferences by 44 decadent granite octagon porch pillar. On the double-eaved roof flat top's eaves pastes by the golden color glazed tile. The front door north and south both sides have two groups of 8 meter high group sculptures respectively, demonstrates the Chinese people separately under Chairman Mao leads the revolutionary course. The memorial hall has 10 hall room opening to the outside world.

enters the memorial hall main entrance's northern hall is holds the commemorative activity the place, the hall central committee is 3.45 meter high white marble carving Mao Zedong picture or statue of somebody sitting, the surface contains the smile, solemn serene. Behind on the picture or statue of somebody sitting wall, is being hanging a large-scale woolen embroidery - - “the motherland”. The entire hall may hold more than 700 people. The memorial hall hard core looks at reverently the hall. Center in the hall crystal hall, is placing Chairman Mao's remains, wears the pessimistic Chinese tunic suit, is covering the bright red party flag. The crystal sarcophagus coffin platform is makes with the black granite, the surroundings fresh flower is brilliant. On the hall positive white marble wall is mounting 17 fine gold gold large brush-written Chinese character “the great leader and Teacher Chairman Mao Zedong is immortal”.

thing various halls are older generation's and so on Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De revolutionary achievement commemoration rooms. Commemorated indoor has displayed large quantities of cultural relics, the literature, the correspondence and the picture. South the hall to export the hall, on the white marble wall surface, engraves Chairman Mao to write personally "Azolla imbricata · And Guo Moruo" the word.

The memorial hall opening to the outside world hall room mainly has:

①North hall. Center is the Mao Zedong white marble place elephant, the overall height 3.45 meters. The background is one "Motherland" the woolen embroidery, the width 23.74 meters, the height 6.6 meters. In the hall 4 square columns, the barrel is the Jiangsu Wuxi milk oil red marble, the column end uses the Tianshan white Dali stonemason's workshop to serve as contrast. Ground shop Hangzhou pessimistic marble. Ceiling upper garment 110 glass sunflower lamp.

②Looks at reverently the hall. In the middle crystal sarcophagus, is placing the Mao Zedong remains. Mao Zedong wears the pessimistic Chinese tunic suit, is covering the Communist Party of China party flag. The crystal sarcophagus base makes with the Taishan black granite, the coffin place all around separately is inlaying the gold ornament party campaign emblem, the national emblem, the military insignia and Mao Zedong's born and died year. Around the crystal sarcophagus is the kaffir lily and the glass parapet. On the hall positive white marble wall surface, inlays 17 to gold-plate the official script large brush-written Chinese character " the great leader and Teacher Chairman Mao Zedong is immortal ".

③Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Deng Xiaoping, Comrade Chen Yun revolutionary achievement commemoration room. Through large quantities of cultural relics, the literature, the picture, the correspondence, had reflected six leaders are founding the Communist Party of China, to create the people's army, to found the People's Republic of China, aspect and so on leader socialist construction great achievements.

④The movie hall, in two building movie hall, may watch the documentary film "To fondly remember". This 20 minute movies, use the concentration the technique and the vivid picture, had demonstrated Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Deng Xiaoping, the Chen Yun this revolution leader community the great achievements which establishes for Chinese people's liberation and the socialist construction enterprise, has reappeared them with the people in the together touching scene.

⑤South the hall, exports the hall. On the marble wall surface, is engraving the Mao Zedong poetry "Azolla imbricata · And Guo Moruo" the original handwriting, the typeface is completely the silver embryo golds-plate. Under suspends 10 trough five needle pines, the pot is making with the Yunnan unique green color colored marble, and grindes prospects and so on Shaoshan using its natural texture, Jinggang Mountains, Yangtze River, Dadu River, snowy mountain, lawn, Yenan, Great Wall.

the memorial hall four weeks is by the green pines green jade cypress treelawn primarily. The tree seed has Beijing Chinese pine, the Qingdao deodar cedar, the Chinese juniper pine and the lacebark pine; Also has 36 Fangshan red fruit trees, 13 Yenan pines. The north gate and Nanmenwai's east and west, have a group leader respectively 15 meters, the height 3.5 meters group sculptures.

Deng Xiaoping, Comrade Chen Yun the revolutionary achievement commemoration room is to commemorate the Communist Party of China to form a party the 80th anniversary, by central authorization in Chairman Mao memorial hall addition. Meanwhile Mao Zedong who, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Comrade Zhu De completed to 1983 the revolutionary achievement commemoration room's exhibition content and the form make the adjustment and the supplement, caused the memorial hall to become cherishes the memory of take Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun as representative's older generation proletarian revolutionary revolution achievement important place, became is specially the young people carries on the education in revolutionary tradition, the patriotic education and the socialist education Important base to the broad masses.

according to the statistics, 6 commemorative rooms altogether exhibits cultural relic 102, picture 490, literature 224. In the exhibition formally, has used the advanced manufacture material and the production process. Each commemorative room additionally built the plasma be ultra-thin television and the electronic material touchscreen, may broadcast unfolds the extraordinary personality elegant demeanor the material piece, pulls and reads reflects the extraordinary personality thought that the style maxim.

the Chairman Mao memorial hall addition commemoration room project and the adjustment cloth exhibition content's work was starts from July, 1999. After additional and the adjustment Chairman Mao memorial hall 6 memento room's exhibition opened officially in July 1, 2001.

[Beijing traveling] Palace of Culture

The Palace of Culture is an imperial ancestral temple originally, for nation key Cultural relic preservation organ. Completed in bright Yunglo 18 years (in 1420), was Ming and Qing Dynasties two generation of emperors the ancestor worship ancestral temple. Based on the ancient times kings " left ancestor right society " the plan, with Imperial Palace, the altar to the god of the land and the god of grain also constructs, is the Forbidden City important constituent.

the Palace of Culture occupies a land area of 140,000 square meters. For the prominent ancestor worship's primary intention, in every direction by three red ocher walls and layer upon layer the pine and cypress, serves as contrast resplendently in gold and jade green, the scattered about order construction, builds one mystical solemn and respectful atmosphere. The construction uses the middle axle symmetrical expression layout, the colored glaze gate, the white marble stone arch bridge, the house, three main halls arranges in turn in the axle, the pavilion built over a well, the god kitchen, the god storehouse, the side hall arrange in turn in the both sides.

before the pavilion palace (, palace) is emperor holds the big sacrifice activity the place. Three white marble Xumi place station base, in palace makeshift bed on the ground " gold brick ", beam column for precious gold thread Nan-mao, imposing, compared to Imperial Palace too with the palace height 2 meters, was considered that is the supreme symbol. After sleeping the palace is consecrates emperor, place of the ancestral tablet. Becomes heir to the temple is consecrates emperor place of the remote ancestor ancestral tablet.

the imperial ancestral temple is our country extant most complete, the scale greatest imperial family ancestor worship architectural complex, was the ancient times most important ancestral temple construction, being possible be called " the first under heaven temple ".

the new China establishment initial period, Premier Zhou Enlai proposed that the state administrative council authorizes to ward off is " Beijing Palace of Culture ", Chairman Mao Zedong kisses the book inscribed horizontal tablet, becomes the capital staff's school and the paradise.

[Beijing traveling] Monument to the People's Heroes

Monument to the People's Heroes located at Beijing Tiananmen Square center. on September 30, 1949, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference first session of plenary session decided that for commemoration, in the People's War of Liberation and the people revolutionize the people's hero who sacrifices, builds the Monument to the People's Heroes in capital Beijing. In the afternoon 6:00, attends Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference's all representative, held in the Tiananmen former square has built the monument the cornerstone-laying ceremony. As head's Political Consultative Conference various units chief delegate 11 holds the shovel shovel earth take Chairman Mao, establishes the monument the cornerstone. Latter widely discusses after the nation, definite tablet. To 1952, the national outstanding architect and the experts has altogether designed 100 many kinds of designs, after the parties concerned through each way questionnaire people's opinion from all walks of life, the induction, revises the final pattern.

The Monument to the People's Heroes construction committee is appointed director by Beijing Mayor Peng Zhen, Zheng Zhenduo, Liang Sicheng is appointed assistant director committee member. Under the committee supposes the engineering department, divides the design, the construction, the rock selection, the fine arts work and so on 7 groups, carries on the work. In addition, sets up a committee specially, leads under Chinese Academy of Science Contemporary history Research institute Manager Fan Wenlan, the research relief picture needs historical data theme. The monument began construction in August 1, 1952 to construct officially, in the April, 1958 22 sunsets became, on May 1 unveiled grandly in the same year.

The Monument to the People's Heroes assumes the square shape, the floor space is 3000 square meters. The monument divides the main part, the Xumi place and the pedestal three parts, altogether height 37.94 meters. The pedestal divides two, all around surrounds the white marble parapet, has the stair.

The lower level place is the hypericum shape, the thing width 50.44 meters, the north and south length 61.5 meters. The upper formation place assumes the square shape. On the pedestal is the size two Xumi places. The lower level Xumi place ties around the waist to mount eight white marble large-scale reliefs, respectively take the tiger door bolt smoke, Jintian Uprising, the Wuchang Uprising, the May 4th Movement of 1919, the May Thirtieth movement, the Nanchang Uprising, the opposition to Japan guerrilla warfare, the crossing a river campaign as the subject. At the crossing a river campaign's relief both sides, and two cosmetic relief, the subject respectively be supports the front and welcome People's Liberation Army.

The relief height 2 meters, the total length 40.68 meters, altogether have the approximately 170 character images, broadly and vividly displays our country in recent centuries earthshaking revolution historical evidence. The upper formation small Xumi place all around engraves has by the peony, the lotus, the chrysanthemum, hangs composition and so on curtain eight garlands.

The two Xumi places are supporting the big main part. The main part is a length 14.7 meter, the width 2.9 meters, the depth 1 meter, is more than 60 tons big stones. Main part frontage (northern side) engraves Mao Zedong to write a few words of appreciation “the people's hero to be immortal” eight fine gold gold large brush-written Chinese character; Back is Mao Zedong drafts the inscribed text which, Zhou Enlai paints: “since three years, in the People's War of Liberation and the people revolutionize the people's heroes who sacrifices to be immortal! Since 30 years, in the People's War of Liberation and the people revolutionize the people's heroes who sacrifices to be immortal! From this goes upstream to 1840 years, since then, to oppose the inside and outside enemies, strives for the national independence and the people free happy, sacrifices the people's heroes in all previous struggle to be immortal!”The main part both sides are decorating the relief garland which with five stars, the pine and cypress and the flag composes, symbolizes people's hero's great spirit everlasting. The entire place monument builds with more than 17000 granite and the white marble, solemn and respectful dignified, grand magnificent.

[Beijing traveling] Beijing earth temple park

The earth temple park located at Beijing stable wrong side of the door avenue east side, two links and the harmonious palace separates the river according to the neighbour north to face one another. in 1990 completed Beijing wax figure hall was located in the palace in which the emperor fasted. When builds, outside the world wards off has protects the world 1476 Chinese acres, in the world the total area 640 Chinese acres. Presently for Beijing Cultural relic preservation organ.

The earth temple park area 37.4 hectare year tourists measure 5,000,000-6,000,000 people, is a history is glorious, dignified solemn and respectful, well-known imperial world temple botanical garden. Park predecessor earth temple, also calls Fang Zetan. Constructs in Ming Dynasty Jiajing nine years, namely in 1530, was Ming and Qing Dynasties two emperors offers a sacrifice to the place the place, was also our country is precisely world of most greatly the only extant sacrifice place.

Eearth temple extant Fang Zetan, the emperor respectfully room, butchers historic buildings and so on domestic animal pavilion, palace in which the emperor fasted, god storehouse.

West gate decorative archway big grand magnificent, is according to Qing Dynasty Qianlong when constructs the model to construct, the construction scale occupies Beijing decorative archway. The green colored glaze tiling, draws by Shan Fengtu, the double phoenix chart and the peony design, the positive center has the earth temple two characters, back the core has Guang Houjie the inscription, is one of earth temple park main scenic spots.

Fang Zetan also calls the offerings platform, is the king sacrificial offering “the emperor respectfully god” the host construction, the area is 17,689 square meters, divides into high and low two, world of the such grand spacious sacrifice place, not only in China, moreover is also second to none in the world.

earth temple's entire construction manifested China the ancient architecture art essence, solemnly, grand, to have a distinctive style. To obeyed our country ancient times partially from the whole “the day round place”, “the azure glutinous rehmannia” “far apart”, “Longfeng”, “the universe” and so on traditional ideas and the symbolic fable suffices to think of the design the recent years addition rosa indica garden, the peony garden, the collection fragrant garden and so on new botanical garden scenic spot. Paints the famous knowledge by master of art Liu Haisu the rosa indica garden is a collection display, the view, enjoys, the popular science in a body's rosa indica garden, in has month of seasonal 300 kind of In the quiet and tasteful unique peony garden the fountain, the stone arch bridge, the pavilion porch, the waterside pavilion docking, the fragrant collection garden is in other characteristic garden the garden.

[Beijing traveling] Beijing University red chamber

Beijing University red chamber located at local sand beach north street, one of for Beijing University old school buildings, old name “national capital big school”.

In 1918 constructed, building for I-shaped, altogether 4, the building used the red brick to build all over the body, thus was called the red chamber. at the beginning of 1918, Li Dazhao founded China first Marxism research team in this. on May 4, 1919, the Beijing University students embarked from the red chamber to Tiananmen have held the demonstration. Later, northern side the red chamber square will become Beijing students to carry on the revolutionary movement many times the assembly place. 1919 to 1920 Mao Zedong once in building library work. Lu Xun is appointed the Beijing University Chinese is time professor's restroom in two building staircase with a handrail opposite. Many renowned scholars and the new faction character have taught in here. Here has also concentrated the new tide society, the national magazine company, the new-vernacular literature research board, the philosophy research board and so on many innovation associations, "New tide", "National", "each week Commentary" and so on progress publications are being located in the basement the red chamber printing shop print publication. The so deep history and the humanities origin, cause “the Beijing University red chamber” after the times change, but is amazing throughout, becomes one of our country New Culture Movement's landmarks. in 1953 the Beijing University moved to the western suburbs completely. at the beginning of May, 1984 has established “the red chamber commemoration sign”.

“The Beijing University red chamber” also had been some time ago many a signboard - - - Beijing New Culture Movement memorial hall. The memorial hall has recovered the same year Li Dazhao office, Mao Zedong have worked the newsprinting paper reading room, as well as student classroom and so on. According to memorial hall comrade in charge introduced that in the original address restoration's Li Dazhao office, maintained basically same year's original condition, on the desk, the chair, the table rings the bell and so on it is said is the same year's original.

The new arrangement's periodical exhibition room has displayed 20 many kinds of by the Museum of the Chinese Revolution collection 54 New Culture Movement time periodical, the magazine; The New Culture Movement exhibition room, through more than 90 pictures, more than 60 cultural relics, has reappeared New Culture Movement's historical style really, and the image elaborated New Culture Movement's historic importance and revolutionizes and on the China social development path's tremendous role in China.

It is reported that this memorial hall is in the central committee with the national Department concerned vigorously support, by the Museum of the Chinese Revolution construction, it manages the hall goal is to let more people understand that the engraved inscription New Culture Movement's historical merit, is specially the young people opens the patriotic education for the general populations the classroom.

[Beijing traveling] Beijing Imperial Academy

In Beijing's Northeast corner, some ancient Cheng Xian the street, in its population place and, is standing erect 4 complete street decorative archways, resplendent in gold and jade green. The people enter this ancient street, may see on by far the decorative archway three very large Jin Zi “the Imperial Academy”.

The Imperial Academy is the Yuan, bright, the clear three generation of national highest school, founds in Yuan Dade ten years (130 years). The beginning of Ming dynasty said that “the Peking county study”, the Yunglo two years (140 years), duplicate renames the Imperial Academy. The building is facing south, in the axle the distribution has the Jixian gate, the Imperial College gate, to ward off the harmony, a Yi roentgen hall, a respect pavilion and so on, the architectural composition is quite fastidious.

Enters in the person school courtyard the front door--The Imperial College gate, then saw that a magnificent magnificent colored glaze memorial arch, the south side inscription is “the celestial body bridge teaches Ze”, the northern side inscription is “study the sea festival view”. A main hall Yi roentgen hall, is the large ceremonial hall which the imperial academy students will say, emperor will come when the Imperial Academy lecture in here seating. In the thing two porches have room 33, to suppose respectively supervise “six halls”: East for the might as well, sincere, honors the wisdom, west to cultivate oneself according to religious doctrine, justly, broad industry, is the imperial academy student classroom. Thing both sides also have 4 halls: East for standard book, rope qian, west for ancient book, abundant, in is supervises is in charge of the copy clerk, the discipline, the books, the teaching office.

In the Imperial Academy has the thirteen classics to engrave stele altogether 190, original place in thing six halls, county located at the Imperial Academy and in Confucian temple avenue. On the stele engraves the thirteen classics include: "the Book of Change", "Shangshu", "Poetry", "Zhou rite", , , , , , , , altogether 630,000 characters. The Confucian classics spends 12 year writing by Jiang Heng to become. Emperor Qianlong assigns and kun Liu Yong examines Jiang for the vice-arrangement to weigh the book Confucian classics and to begin construction primarily to carve. This thirteen classics carve in the Qianlong year, therefore is called “the Qianlong Confucian classics carved on stone”.

The Imperial Academy first sacrifice liquor is the Yuan Dynasty renowned principle scientist permits the graduated arm, at that time had the student 200 people. The student who studies in here calls “the imperial academy student”, approximately three kind of origins: First, selects the proper way imperial academy student from throughout the land scholar, does to this further pursues advanced studies; Second, the foreign student, comes from Korea, to flaunt approximately patrols, hands over the foot, Russia and so on; Third, “contributes the jail”, enrolls the imperial academy student, so long as pays in full the money, can receive “the jail to illuminate”, is the imperial academy student.

600 year ago three face the highest school, now constructs still, changed the capital library. Spacious courtyard, towering copal, flowers and trees onion long, simple and elegant lonesome and quiet, has provided the good learning environment for the contemporary scholar.

[Beijing traveling] Beijing Saint Mi Eer church

Saint Mi Eer church in East city station base factory avenue 14. in 1901 constructed. (Father) founds for the French high father, is last Catholic church which Beijing constructs.

In the courtyard north side is ash brickwork two story of western-style buildings, lives for the clergy. Western Kaaba for gothic style construction. In the hall consecrates Mi Eer. The Kaaba east side has 10 between brickwork one-story houses. in 1986, this church repaired and maintained, carries on the religious activities, protected the cultural relic with emphasis for Dongcheng District.